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Backend Architecture

Overview​

The Smart Academic Hub backend follows a clean, layered architecture pattern.

Architecture Layers​

Controller Layer​

  • Handles HTTP requests and responses
  • Validates input using Form Requests
  • Returns JSON responses with proper status codes

Service Layer​

  • Contains business logic
  • Coordinates between controllers and models
  • Handles complex operations

Model Layer​

  • Eloquent ORM models
  • Database relationships
  • Query scopes and accessors

Repository Pattern​

  • Data access abstraction
  • Query optimization
  • Caching strategies

Directory Structure​

backend/
├── app/
│   ├── Http/
│   │   ├── Controllers/
│   │   ├── Middleware/
│   │   ├── Requests/
│   │   └── Resources/
│   ├── Models/
│   └── Services/
├── config/
├── database/
│   ├── migrations/
│   ├── seeders/
│   └── factories/
├── routes/
└── tests/

Design Patterns​

  • Repository Pattern: Data access abstraction
  • Service Pattern: Business logic separation
  • Resource Pattern: API response transformation
  • Request Validation: Form Request classes

API Versioning​

The API is versioned using URL prefixes (/api/v1/).

Error Handling​

Consistent error responses with appropriate HTTP status codes.